Demographic transitions and children’s resources: Bonus or divergence?
نویسندگان
چکیده
How do fertility transitions affect childrenŠs resources? Existing perspectives provide two seemingly different answers: ŞDilutionŤ arguments focusing on family size predict growth in average resources, while ŞdivergenceŤ arguments focusing on family structure predict increased inequality. We suggest that these two perspectives are complementary and reconcilable within an integrated framework. Under this expanded framework, fertility transitions affect both average resource levels and inequality, and these effects depend on both the quantum and locus of fertility change, as well as on accompanying changes in family structure. Failure to consider these various characteristics of transitions and their interactions can bias estimation of transition-related changes in childrenŠs outcomes. We illustrate with data from Cameroon. 1P.M. Eloundou-Enyegue is Associate Professor of Development Sociology and Demography, Cornell University. E-mail: [email protected] 2C.S. Stokes is Professor of Rural Sociology and Demography, The Pennsylvania State University. E-mail: [email protected] http://www.demographic-research.org 195 Eloundou-Enyegue and Stokes: Demographic transitions and children’s resources: Bonus or divergence?
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